CONFLICTS OF LAND USE AND OCCUPATION IN PERMANENT PRESERVATION AREAS IN THE ALTO CARIRI NATIONAL PARK, GUARATINGA/BAHIA

Abstract

The study aimed to analyze the environmental conflicts in Permanent Preservation Areas of the Alto Cariri National Park, Guaratinga/Bahia, observing the protection parameters established by Law 12.651/2012. The vector data from the database were acquired from free platforms, IBGE, SICAR and Fórum Florestal da Bahia. The delimitation of the drainage and headwaters was performed in the QGIS 3.22 software from the MDE of the ALOS PALSAR satellite. The APPs were delimited from the drainage, generating buffers according to the measures established by the Law. For the delimitation of APPs with slopes greater than 45º, processing routines were performed using the DEM. The identification of environmental conflicts was carried out from the intersection between the vectors of land use and occupation and the APPs, classifying them in relation to regularity or not. Using GPS and a camera, field activities were carried out to verify sections of APPs, seeking to validate existing uses. It was observed that the PNAC has 1,408.20 ha of watercourse, slope and spring APPs, among which 610 ha are superimposed on rural properties. The predominant natural and anthropic uses in the APPs are mid-stage forest and pasture, with 35.78% of the APPs not complying with the Brazilian Forest Code and requiring environmental adaptation and recovery.