ANÁLISE DE PLANOS DE EMERGÊNCIA FAMILIAR E INSTRUMENTOS SIMILARES NO CONTEXTO INTERNACIONAL E NACIONAL ANALYSIS OF FAMILY EMERGENCY PLANS AND SIMILAR INSTRUMENTS IN THE NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL CONTEXT

Abstract

ABSTRACT: Preparation for emergency and disaster situations by families and communities is an essential element in reducing the effects of natural catastrophes, especially in regions where people face socioeconomic, cultural, environmental, and institutional vulnerabilities. These factors increase the exposure of populations to extreme weather events and reduce their ability to respond to adverse situations. In this regard, this study analyzes 24 documents, both nationally and internationally, concerning family preparedness plans for risk and disaster management, as well as similar instruments from different countries. A pesquisa é baseada em uma revisão da literatura especializada, análise de documentos, levantamento de documentos pré-existentes e recomendações de especialistas. Em países como Argentina, Chile, Colômbia, Costa Rica, Equador, Estados Unidos, Guatemala, Itália, Japão, México, Peru, Portugal e Porto Rico, a comunicação entre formuladores de políticas e profissionais de emergência fortaleceu as ações de resiliência, mas ainda existem obstáculos significativos, especialmente em regiões propensas a inundações.In Brazil, family emergency plans lack coordination and effectiveness, reflecting the need for greater integration between public institutions and popular participation. In this regard, the implementation of Community Protection and Civil Defense Centers (NUPDECs) can significantly contribute to developing a culture of shared responsibility in preventing and reducing disaster risks in communities, as well as spreading good self-protection practices. Furthermore, the creation of family preparedness plans for disaster response should be continuously reviewed and updated by the community.