ANÁLISE DA LITERATURA INTERNACIONAL SOBRE A PREPARAÇÃO FAMILIAR PARA ENFRENTAMENTO DE RISCOS E DESASTRES ANALYSIS OF INTERNATIONAL LITERATURE ON FAMILY PREPARATION FOR RISK AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Abstract

ABSTRACT

The objective of this work was to analyze the international scenario of scientific production in the area of family and community protection in situations of adverse events of natural origin and to evaluate the role of this instrument in reducing social vulnerability and increasing family and community resilience against disaster risks, seeking to contribute to the improvement of risk management instruments of this nature in the Brazilian territory. Methodologically, the research involved a systematic literature review, with a search strategy aimed at recovering, at an international level, articles and dissertations published since 2010, using descriptors related to family emergency plans and related terms in reliable search databases. The analysis of the 19 studies revealed that, despite specific efforts, the adoption and implementation of these plans remain limited, especially among vulnerable groups. We highlight the prevalence of remedial actions before and after disasters, which, in the reviewed documents, appear only as recommendations and do not include the voice and input of the communities in the plan development, to the detriment of preventive initiatives, which highlights gaps in the articulation between environmental justice, social participation, and addressing structural inequalities. Overcoming these barriers requires an integrated approach that combines education and communication about disaster risks, access to resources, use of innovative technologies, and community engagement, with interinstitutional participation. Educational programs must strengthen risk perception and a culture of prevention, while public policies ensure the equitable distribution of resources in vulnerable areas. The inclusion of communities in the development of family emergency plans is essential to adapt strategies to local realities and promote more resilient environments in the face of global climate change.

Keywords: Climate disasters; risk management; emergency plans; family preparedness; community participation and resilience.